Hyperactivation of p21^ras and PI3K cooperate to alter murine and human neurofibromatosis type 1–haploinsufficient osteoclast functions
J. Clin. Invest. Feng-Chun Yang, et al. 116:2880 doi:10.1172/JCI29092 [Go to this article.]

Figure 5
Nf1^+/– osteoclasts have increased bone resorption. (A) Osteoclasts were incubated on bone sections and stained with toluidine blue at the end of culture. The resorbed bone area stained dark blue. Representative photomicrographs (magnification, ×10) of the indicated genotypes are shown. (B) Quantitative evaluation of bone resorption. Results represent the mean area ± SEM of 5 independent experiments. *P < 0.01, WT versus Nf1^+/– bone resorption. (C) The areas of individual bone resorption pits of the 2 genotypes are represented by individual symbols. The horizontal line represents the mean area of each genotype. *P < 0.01, WT versus Nf1^+/–. (D) ELISA of serum TRAP5b activity. Results represent mean ± SEM (n = 6) using age- and sex-matched controls. Genotypes are indicated. ^#P < 0.05, Nf1^+/– versus WT. (E) OVX-induced reduction (percent change compared with sham-operated animals) in BMD among adult female WT and Nf1^+/– mice. Data represent the mean ± SEM (n = 7) of the indicated genotypes. *P < 0.01, WT versus Nf1^+/– OVX mice by Student’s t test. (F) Osteoclast number per femur. Data represent the mean ± SEM (n = 7) of the indicated genotypes and treatment groups generated following ex vivo culture. ^##P < 0.01, WT OVX versus WT sham; **P < 0.01, Nf1^+/– sham versus WT sham; and ^†P < 0.01, Nf1^+/– OVX versus Nf1^+/– sham and Nf1^+/– OVX versus WT OVX mice using ANOVA.