Yeast zymosan, a stimulus for TLR2 and dectin-1, induces regulatory antigen-presenting cells and immunological tolerance
J. Clin. Invest. Stephanie Dillon, et al. 116:916 doi:10.1172/JCI27203 [Go to this article.]

Figure 1
Zymosan induces IL-10 in human and murine DCs via a mechanism involving dectin-1. (A) Immature, monocyte-derived DCs were cultured for 24–48 hours with E. coli LPS (1 μg/ml) or zymosan (50 μg/ml), and flow cytometric analyses of the expression of the costimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86 and the maturation marker CD83 were performed. Filled histograms show isotype; open histograms represent marker. Data are representative of 10 experiments. (B) Secretion of cytokines in the culture supernatants was measured by ELISA. Data are representative of 18 experiments. (C) Murine, splenic CD11c⁺CD11b⁺CD8α^–, and CD11c⁺CD11b^–CD8α⁺ DC subsets were isolated by flow cytometry and cultured in vitro with E. coli LPS or zymosan for 24–48 hours in the presence of a CD40-L–expressing cell line. Cytokines were analyzed by ELISA. Data are representative of 10 experiments. (D) Immature, monocyte-derived DCs were cultured for 24–48 hours with laminarin (200 μg/ml) plus zymosan or with zymosan alone. IL-10 levels were measured after 24 hours by ELISA. Data are representative of 4 experiments. (E) CD11c⁺ murine splenic DCs were cultured with laminarin (200 μg/ml) plus zymosan and CD40-L–expressing fibroblasts. IL-10 levels were measured after 24 hours by ELISA. Data are representative of 7 experiments.