Activated macrophages are essential in a murine model for T cell–mediated chronic psoriasiform skin inflammation
J. Clin. Invest. Honglin Wang, et al. 116:2105 doi:10.1172/JCI27180 [Go to this article.]

Figure 2
Activated macrophages are an important source of TNF-α in the lesional skin of affectedCD18^hypo mice. Double immunostaining with anti-mouse TNF-α and F4/80 mAb was performed on cryosections derived from the lesional skin of affected CD18^hypo mice. (A) Macrophages (green) stained with F4/80–Alexa 488. (B) TNF-α (red) stained with TNF-α–Cy3. (C) Cell nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue). (D) Overlay depicting double staining of TNF-α and macrophages (yellow). (D–G) Both classically and alternatively activated macrophages were present in the lesional skin of CD18^hypo mice. To characterize the activation pattern of macrophages infiltrating the skin of affected CD18^hypo mice, cryosections from lesional skin were double stained with F4/80–Alexa 488 (green) and the markers of classically activated macrophages TNF-α–Cy3 (red) (D) and iNOS-Cy3 (red) (E) or with the markers of alternatively activated macrophages Dectin 1–Cy3 (red) (F) and Arginase 1–Cy3 (G). Overlay (yellow) represents double-positive cells, i.e., macrophages bearing specific activation markers. Cell nuclei were counterstained with DAPI (blue). Dotted lines indicate the border between epidermis and dermis. Original magnification, ×20.