Senescence-associated phenotypes in Akita diabetic mice are enhanced by absence of bradykinin B2 receptors
J. Clin. Invest. Masao Kakoki, et al. 116:1302 doi:10.1172/JCI26958 [Go to this article.]

Figure 1
Appearance and associated indicators of senescence in mice at age 12 months. (A) General appearance of male mice with the following genotypes: WT at both the insulin 2 and the bradykinin B2 receptor loci, homozygous null for the B2 receptor (Bdkrb2^–/–), heterozygous Akita for insulin 2 (Ins2^Akita/+), and doubly mutant (Bdkrb2^–/–Ins2^Akita/+). Kyphosis was moderate in the Akita diabetic mouse; it was severe in the doubly mutant animal, which also exhibited marked alopecia. The animals imaged were among the most severely affected of each genotype. (B) H&E-stained abdominal skin of mice with the same 4 genotypes. Scale bars: 1 mm. Subcutaneous fat (asterisks) was present in both nondiabetic animals but was absent in the diabetic animals. The skin of the double mutant was thin and had few hair follicles. The areas selected for imaging are representative of each genotype. (C) Bone mineral density of femurs of mice of the 4 genotypes, assessed with dual-emission x-ray absorptiometry. Data are presented as means ± SEM with the numbers of animals shown in white digits (see Supplemental Table 4 for 2-factor ANOVA analysis).