Helicobacter pylori persistence: biology and disease
J. Clin. Invest. Martin J. Blaser, et al. 113:321 doi:10.1172/JCI20925 [
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Figure 2CagA interaction with epithelial cells.
H. pylori cells with intact
cag islands, including an active type IV secretion system, possess a pilus composed of CagY protein. The
cagA product is injected into the cytoplasm of the host cell, where tyrosine (Y) residues near its COOH-terminus are phosphorylated. Phosphotyrosine-CagA interacts with several major signal-transduction pathways in the host cell (
40, S113), affecting phenotypes including cell morphology, proliferation, and apoptosis (see text). ERK, extracellular signal–regulated kinase; PTPase, protein-tyrosine phosphatase; P, phosphate.
