IL-12 is required for differentiation of pathogenic CD8⁺ T cell effectors that cause myocarditis
J. Clin. Invest. Nir Grabie, et al. 111:671 doi:10.1172/JCI16867 [Go to this article.]

Figure 2
Phenotype of OT-I effector cells differentiated in vitro in the absence or presence of exogenous IL-12. Culture conditions are described in Methods. T cells were harvested from the differentiation cultures without added IL-12 (OT-I⁰) or with exogenously added 10 ng/ml IL-12 (OT-I^IL-12) on day 5 for analysis. (a) Thy1.1, CD25, and CD44 expression by flow cytometry. PE, phycoerythrin; FITC, Fluorescein isothiocyanate. (b) Chemokine receptor expression by real-time RT-PCR; data represent means ± SEM of three separate experiments. *P = 0.037 and **P = 0.004 (t test). (c) IFN-γ secretion upon restimulation with immobilized anti-CD3 and anti-CD28. (d) Cytolytic activity against SIINFEKL-pulsed EL4 cells by a flow cytometric assay. E:T, effector:target. The data in (a), (c), and (d) are from one typical experiment out of four performed.