Rapid Akt activation by nicotine and a tobacco carcinogen modulates the phenotype of normal human airway epithelial cells
J. Clin. Invest. Kip A. West, et al. 111:81 doi:10.1172/JCI16147 [Go to this article.]

Figure 1
Phosphorylation of Akt by nicotine or NNK in NHBEs and SAECs. (a) Nicotine increased Akt phosphorylation in a time-dependent manner in NHBEs (left panels) and SAECs (right panels), as assessed by immunoblotting with anti–phospho-S473, anti–phospho-T308, and anti-Akt antibodies. (b) Nicotine-induced Akt phosphorylation was also dose-dependent. (c) NNK increased Akt phosphorylation in a time-dependent manner. (d) NNK-induced Akt phosphorylation was also dose-dependent.